Integrating DEI Into ESG Strategies: A Social Perspective in Higher Education Institutions

Abstract

This study examines the role of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) as a key operational component of the social dimension within Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) frameworks in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Drawing on contemporary ESG and DEI theory, the paper conceptualizes DEI as a measurable and practice-oriented mechanism through which social sustainability can be strengthened in academic environments. The empirical research was conducted in the first quarter of 2025 and included undergraduate, master’s, and doctoral students from two HEIs in Serbia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on a validated multicultural competence framework and measured on a five-point Likert scale. Quantitative analysis involved descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests to examine gender differences, and one-way ANOVA to assess differences across levels of study. The findings indicate a very high overall perception of DEI practices, particularly regarding faculty support, inclusive academic climate, and students’ openness to working with individuals from diverse backgrounds. Statistically significant gender differences were observed in several DEI dimensions, with female students reporting higher awareness and perceived cultural competence, while no significant differences were found across levels of study. The study provides practical insights for integrating DEI into ESG strategies in HEIs, supporting institutional social responsibility, inclusive governance, and long-term social sustainability.